26—THE ELASTIC RESISTANCE TO BENDING OF PLAIN-WOVEN FABRICS

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Abstract
The elastic resistance to bending of woven fabrics has previously been considered in terms of the existence in the yarns of rigid and elastic sections. The difficulties inherent in such a model and the noticeable differences between the predicted and experimental findings are examined in this paper. Two models of a plain-woven fabric in which the yarn cross-sections are incompressible are then analysed theoretically to obtain the predicted relationship between the applied couple and the curvature of the fabric. In the first model, the yarns are considered to be unset, i.e., if released from the fabric, they would be uncrimped, and in the second model they are considered to be completely set, i.e., if released from the fabric, they would retain all their crimp. The predicted bending resistance does not agree with the behaviour of actual fabrics owing to the difficulty of defining the ‘radius’ of the yarn in the fabric, but many puzzling qualitative aspects of the bending behaviour of woven fabrics are, as a result of the analysis given, satisfactorily explained.

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