Recurrent cerebral infarctions in two brothers with antiphospholipid antibodies that block coagulation reactions.

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Abstract
Inhibitors blocking coagulation reactions, often called lupus anticoagulants, are readily identifiable but rarely considered as risk factors for cerebral infarction. These inhibitors are inconsistently found in a number of diseases (often autoimmune) and after treatment with certain drugs and appear to be closely associated with, or identical to, antibodies to certain phospholipids. We have observed two brothers with these inhibitors who both experienced recurrent cerebral infarctions. Such familial occurrence has rarely been reported. In addition, some other family members were found to have depressed factor XII levels. Using the technique of double immunodiffusion, we found that the serum from these brothers formed precipitin lines against certain phospholipid substrates, lending further support to the antiphospholipid nature of this inhibitor.