Achievable performance of digital watermarking systems
- 20 January 2003
- proceedings article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
- Vol. 1, 13-18
- https://doi.org/10.1109/mmcs.1999.779113
Abstract
A variety of digital watermarking applications have emerged recently that require the design of systems for embedding one signal (the ``embedded signal'' or ``watermark'') within another signal (the ``host signal''). We develop a framework for analyzing achievable performance trade-offs of these systems among robustness, distortion, and embedding rate. We also describe a recently introduced class of embedding methods, quantization index modulation (QIM), in which an ensemble of quantizers is constructed and information is embedded by quantizing the host signal with a quantizer associated with the watermark. We introduce an implementation of such a method called spread-transform dither modulation where the embedded information modulates the dither signal of a dithered quantizer, which quantizes projections of the host signal onto a spreading vector. We show that QIM systems have considerable performance advantages over previously proposed spread-spectrum and low-bit modulation systems.Keywords
This publication has 4 references indexed in Scilit:
- Digital watermarking and information embedding using dither modulationPublished by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ,2002
- Dither modulation: a new approach to digital watermarking and information embeddingPublished by SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng ,1999
- Multimedia data-embedding and watermarking technologiesProceedings of the IEEE, 1998
- Digital CommunicationPublished by Springer Nature ,1994