Vergence and Accommodation

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Abstract
When the normal observer fixates with one eye from far to near1 or suddenly accommodates through a minus lens,2 the occluded eye moves nasalward. The basic physiology of this synkinesis is still not well understood.3 Clinicians4,5 seem to be convinced that the associated vergence is related to the accommodative effort, but Christoferson and Ogle6 and Ogle7 seem to imply that the vergence change is related merely to the change in the stimulus to accommodation. Although the difference between the two concepts is clear enough, it is difficult to arrive at some concrete experimental procedure which would allow one to choose between them, largely because of an inability to establish an operational definition of accommodative effort which would be agreeable to all concerned. Accommodative stimulus, on the other hand, can be operationally defined, and for the present paper it will represent the magnitude of minus

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