Blood gas calculator.

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Abstract
A slide rule is described whose scales yield direct solutions of the following blood gas problems the whole blood oxygen dissociation curve of man with variable temperature, pH, and base excess; the effect of anaerobic temperature change on blood PO2, PCO2, and pH; the true oxygen consumption fraction from mixed expired O2 and CO2 concentrations, breathing air; correction of gas volume from ATPS to BTPS or STPD; Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, relating pH, PCO2, and either HCO3- or CO2 content of plasma (range 10-40 C) or cerebrospinal fluid (20-40 C); base excess and standard pH and bicarbonate (at PCO2 = 40 mmHg) from pH and PCO2 at 37 C. The following modifications of standard blood gas relationships are described. The new oxygen dissociation curve deviates maximally from Dill''s curve by -4.5 and +1.5% at 14 and 60 mm Hg PO2, respectively. Temperatures shifts the dissociation curve by [DELTA] log PO2 = 0.024 [DELTA]T C (formerly about 0.019). The "Bohr shift" with lactic acid is about 20% less than with CO2, the combined effect being given by [DELTA] log PO2 = -0.48 [DELTA] pH + .0013 [DELTA] base. The correction factors for anaerobic temperature change diminish for PO2 at high saturation and for pH in acidosis.

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