Portable, solid-state fluorometer for the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence induction in plants

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Abstract
A miniaturized Kautsky apparatus was developed for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence induction in photosynthetic plants in situ. The instrument is based on a new sensor–emitter combination of a phototransistor on the back of a light emitting diode (piggy‐back arrangement). Fluorescence curves can be recorded with a time resolution of 250 μsec, illumination time is infinitely variable from 0.1 to 100 sec, and light intensity variable from 0 to 104 erg⋅cm−2sec−1. In combination with portable recorder the new instrument provides a rapid and reliable means of measuring photosynthetic activity of plants in natural environments. The piggy‐back sensor–emitter combination is suggested to be of general importance as a new opto‐electronic device for detecting fluorescence and reflected light. Examples of operation are given which demonstrate time resolution, sensitivity, and specificity of the new instrument.
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