Somatic cell genetic analysis of human cell surface antigens: chromosomal assignments and regulation of expression in rodent-human hybrid cells.

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Abstract
The expression of 13 newly defined human cell surface antigens identified by monoclonal antibodies was studied in a panel of reduced rodent-human somatic cell hybrid clones. For each antigenic system the segregation of antibody reactivity was concordant with the segregaton of a specific human chromosome, permitting the chromosomal assignment of 13 gene loci determining antigen expression. The antigens can be placed in 4 groups on the basis of their patterns of control in the hybrid cells. Presence of a single human chromosome is necessary and sufficient for antigen expression; L230 (assigned to chromosome 2), AJ425, K15 (chromosome 3), SR84 (chromosome 5), JF23, Q14 (chromosome 11), SV13 (chromosome 15), and F10 (chromosome 19). AJ2 (chromosome 10) and J143 (chromosome 17); 2 antigens coded for by separate human chromosomes but associated as a molecular complex on the surface of AJ2+/HJ143+ human cells. F8 (chromosome 19); antigen expression dependent on the growth characteristics of hybrid cells: substrate-adherent cells are F8+, whereas cells growing in suspension are F8-, AO122 and F23 (chromosome 15); antigen expression controlled by the permissive/inducing vs. nonpermissive/noninducing nature of the rodent fusion partner. Hybrids derived from both antigen-positive and antigen-negative human cells can express AO122 and F23 but only when specific rodent cell types are used for hybridization: N4TG-1 neuroblastoma and L cells, but not RAG renal carcinoma cells, permit AO122 expression, whereas RAG and L cells, but not N4TG-1 cells, permit F23 expression. The rapidly expanding list of monoclonal antibodies defining human cell surface molecules provides a range of markers to probe the genetic regulation of antigen diversity in somatic cells.