Abstract
Until the pathogenesis of nephritis due to systemic lupus erythematosus has been unraveled, optimal treatment for patients with this disease will remain an elusive goal. When the causes of lupus nephritis become known, we should be able to design specific immunosuppressive and immunomodulating therapy. Genetic and environmental risk factors may be useful for identifying patients at risk and possibly preventing the development of nephritis. Optimal treatment would include reprogramming B- and T-cell immune responses to ignore nephritogenic antigens, thereby eliminating the elaboration of injurious inflammatory mediators and growth factors and promoting healing.Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus often have inflammatory . . .