Dosimetry and Apparatus for Heavy Ion Irradiation of Mammalian Cells in Vitro

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Abstract
Experimental techniques are described whereby cultured mammalian cells were irradiated with stripped ion beams of 2h, 4He, 6Li, 7Li, llB, 12c, 14N, 160, 20Ne, and 40Ar. The heavy ion linear accelerators at Berkeley and Yale were both adapted to such studies, and the methods used in each of these laboratories are presented. In both cases scattering foils were used to spread the beam to a useful size, and thin-walled ionization chambers were used for the dosimetry. Precautions and corrections required for beam uniformity and accurate dose measurement were established. One method allows the cells to be irradiated in a liquid environment, and the other in a gaseous environment. The ion velocity at the cells was in one case identical for several different ions, and in other cases it was different for each ion. The range of linear energy transfer represented by these ions extends from 65 to 19,500 MeV-cm2/gm. Some physical properties of accelerated 40Ar ions are described.

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