Monitoring and Management of Pyrethroid Resistance in the Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Texas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Oklahoma

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Abstract
A treated glass vial monitoring technique was developed in Texas in 1986 to test for resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.). Use of this technique was extended to Arkansas and Louisiana late in the 1986 season and to Mississippiand Oklahoma in 1987. More than 57,000 insects were tested from 1986 through 1988. Data are presented on the occurrence of resistance at each location by year and by month for the 3 yr. The data confirm the presence of region-wide resistance to pyrethroids in the tobacco budworm and suggest its successful management in areas where pyrethroid use was restricted to the critical midseasonperiod. The data alsorepresent baseline values for future resistance monitoring and confirm the usefulness of a discriminating dose assay as the basis for determining the extent of resistance.