The Exchange of Ions between Cells and Extracellular Fluid

Abstract
Summary.: In a frog heart working on a solution in which 88 mM of Na and Cl are replaced with 175 mM glucose the sodium in the heart muscle cells is largely replaced by glucose. This replacement is reversible when the heart is put back into normal Ringer.Even saccharose can penetrate slowly into the muscle cells and replace the sodium.Inconclusive evidence (a single experiment) is presented indicating that the sodium within the cells can be reduced below the outside concentration.

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