Ochratoxin a and Citrinin Induced Nephrosis in Beagle Dogs III. Terminal Renal Ultrastructural Alterations

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Abstract
The extent and type of renal ultrastructural changes in Beagle dogs varied with the administration of ochratoxin A and citrinin alone and in the two dosage combinations. The three predominant changes were cytoplasmic vacuolation, myelin figure formation and lesions designated as cytoplasmic disarray. These changes were mainly of the endomembrane system of the tubular epithelial cells. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were within proximal and distal tubules and collecting ducts and were most numerous in dogs given 10 mg/kg citrinin. Vacuolation of similar distribution, but less severe, was seen in renal tubular cells of dogs given the higher dose of the combined mycotoxins (0.2 mg/kg ochratoxin A + 10 mg/kg citrinin). This damage was limited to the proximal tubular cells in dogs given only ochratoxin A (0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg). Myelin figures were in proximal epithelial cells of dogs given ochratoxin A alone or combined with citrinin. There was cytoplasmic disarray in dogs of all groups except for dogs given 5 mg/kg citrinin. This lesion was usually limited to the proximal tubules. The lesion, however, was found in cells of the distal tubules of dogs given 10 mg/kg citrinin alone.