Alinidine (St 567, 2-[N-allyl-N-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-amino]-2-imidazoline), the N-allyl derivative of clonidine which causes a specific bradycardia at the sinus node was investigated for cardiovascular effects. In 7 mongrel dogs anesthetized with piritramide and respirated with nitrous oxide 1.5 mg/kg alinidine was injected i.v. and 2 h later, long before subsidence of the effects, a further dose of 3 mg/kg was given. Heart rate was reduced by both doses (-38, -50% of control) while arterial blood pressure decreased slightly only with 3 mg/kg (-13%). Cardiac output (thermodilution) was diminished (-33, -54%) and total peripheral resistance increased (+48, +101%). Simultaneously contractility (dp/dtmax. [maximum rate of pressure change]; -27, -46%), cardiac volume work (-34, -60%), tension time index (-23, -38%) and coronary sinus blood flow (electromagnetic flowmeter) decreased (-22, -48%). A reduction in myocardial O2 demand as is confirmed by the detection of reduced myocardial O2 consumption (-14, -44%). O2 content of the coronary venous blood remained unchanged. In contrast to cardiac output and femoral artery flow (-37, -37%) renal blood flow was not affected. In a group of 9 dogs anesthetized with pentobarbitone His bundle EG [electrogram and ECG were recorded. Alinidine (1.5 mg/kg i.v.) prolonged the A-H [time required for conduction through atrioventricular [AV] node] interval under spontaneous contraction (+65%) and at atrial pacing with 120 stimuli/min (+64%), pointing to a retarded AV conduction. After drug administration (2 h) bradycardia and A-H prolongation were still fully developed. The intervals P-A [speed of conduction, in the atrium], H-V [conduction in the His-Purkinje system] and the QRS complex were not influenced. In 4 dogs atrial pacing rate was increased in stages up to 300 stimuli/min and the maximal ventricular follow frequency determined. Alinidine (1.5 mg/kg i.v.) reduced the maximal follow frequency from 215 to 125 beats/min (-43%). This effect is considered as a consequence of the retarded conduction in the AV node.