Improved Penetrometer for the Routine Test of Asphaltic Bitumens

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Abstract
For the purpose of routine test of the asphaltic bitumen which in general exhibits both elasticity and viscosity, evaluation of the viscosity is of the first importance, because the retardation time is closely related to the viscosity. Other parameters which define the instantaneous and retarded elasticity of bitumen do not vary so much from bitumen to bitumen. Unsuitableness of the conventional penetrometer to this purpose is clarified from both experimental and theoretical considerations. An improved type of penetrometer which exactly indicates the viscosity of a wide variety of bitumens is described. By the use of this instrument one can also measure approximately the shear creep compliance as a function of time.

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