Surface Structure of Yeast Protoplasts

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Abstract
The fine structure of the yeast cell wall during protoplast formation was studied by means of phase-contrast microscopy and the freeze-etching technique. The freeze-etching results indicated that in most cases the entire wall substance was not removed from the surface of the protoplasts. After a treatment of 30 min. to 3 hr. with 2% snail enzymes, an innermost thin layer was sometimes left behind. Fine filaments connecting the wall with the surface of the protoplast, observed by a number of workers in phase contrast microscopy, were found to be identical with the innermost wall layer.