Polyazaacenes: new tricks for old dogs

Abstract
The evolution of heterocycles from hexaazaanthracene to tetraazapentacenes led to the discovery that syn aza-substituted polyazaacenes possess unusual zwitterionic structures. One of these, 5,7-diphenyl-5H,12H-quinoxalino(2,3-b)phenazine 4, first claimed in 1898 was fully characterized, including an X-ray crystal structure. These heteroacenes have a low calculated singlet-triplet gap and have unusual photophysical properties.

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