Forty-five patients with neuroblastoma are reviewed, 41 more than 16 months post-operative. Fifteen of the forty-one are alive and well, a survival of 36.6 per cent. There appears to be some correlation between survival of patients with neuroblastoma and a major surgical insult to the tumor. In 22 patients where biopsy alone was carried out, there was a mortality of 87 per cent. In 19 patients treated by a surgical attempt at radical removal of the tumor, without subsequent radiation therapy, 12 survived, a rate of 63 per cent. Time age of the surviving patients at the time of diagnosis was 4.4 months as contrasted with an average of 34 months for those who died. The survival of 11 of 15 patients for periods ranging from 16 months to 12 years after diagnosis is unrelated to x-ray therapy. No patient in this series, free of gross metastases at the time of operation, has died up to the time of this report. Forty-nine per cent of the surviving patients had gross metastases, but no patient with metastases to lung or bone survived.