Abstract
Each year more than a million American women use infertility services, but fewer than 50 percent of them go on to deliver a live baby1. Standard treatments for infertility include induction of ovulation, artificial insemination, and surgery for tubal disease or endometriosis. Little is known about why success with standard treatment for infertility is so limited; in many cases there may be reproductive deficiencies that are undetectable with current methods. Many couples are unable to reconcile themselves to the prospect of childlessness, and for them the scope of treatment has been altered dramatically by new techniques of assisted reproduction. . . .