Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Among Black and Hispanic Frail Elders: A Sociocultural Perspective

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Abstract
This study examined the sources of depressive symptoms experienced by frail Black and Hispanic elderly persons experienced in terms of life strain/stresses and coping resources. Overall, results indicate that women in both groups express more depressive symptoms than do men; and Hispanic elders report more depressive symptoms than do Black elders. Common predictors for the two groups were being female, greater numbers of physical illnesses, poor perceived health, more perceived unmet needs, and less sense of control in life. Unique predictors for the Black elders were a higher level of impairment in instrumental activities of daily living, loss of a significant other, involuntary relocation, and fewer formal care providers. For Hispanic elders, the unique predictor of depressive symptoms was few informal helpers.