Basic and Applied Sociological Work: Divergence, Convergence, or Peaceful Co-existence?

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Abstract
The linkages and barriers between basic and applied sociological work are examined. Basic sociology is defined as "discipline oriented" and applied sociology is defined as "'client oriented.'" These orientations are compared on three dimensions: goals, working norms, and reference groups. Possible linkages between the two sociologies are examined through two questions: (1) what relevance do the products of basic research have for applied work; and (2) how is the training necessary for basic research relevant to applied skills? A review of policy and evaluation research literature indicates that social science research findings have an indirect impact upon decision makers while the testimony of applied sociologists places heavy emphasis upon the importance of methodology and statistics. The relationship between a study's methodological and statistical sophistication and its utilization, however, appears to be inverse. Sociological theory has played a minor role in the training for and conduct of applied work, though the need for a theory of application is often cited by those concerned with the formation of public policy. Three scenarios are offered that suggest possible trends in the relationship between basic and applied sociology.