Chronic Effect of Pneumoperitoneum on Renal Histology

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Abstract
Background and Objective: Transient intraoperative oliguria is a constant phenomenon during laparoscopic procedures. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that this effect is secondary to a decrease in renal blood flow caused by the pneumoperitoneum. With the advent of laparoscopic harvest of the kidney for renal transplantation, a concern is that increased intra-abdominal pressure may compound the effect of acute cold and warm renal ischemia during transplantation. Acute transient renal ischemia can produce chronic sclerosing histopathologic changes in native kidneys which are similar to those seen in chronic allograft rejection. The effect of positive-pressure abdominal pneumoperitoneum (15 mm Hg) on native kidneys was examined using a rodent model. The effects on renal function and histologic features were also studied. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four Harlan Wistar-Furth rats were divided into four groups: controls, 1-hour pneumoperitoneum–91-day survival, 5-hour pneumoperitoneum–91-day surv...