PREVALENCE OF ALPHA-ANTITRYPSIN HETEROZYGOTES (PI MZ) IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE

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Abstract
An increased incidence of an intermediate deficiency of serum .alpha.1-antitrypsin resulting from Pi phenotype MZ was reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Prevalence of Pi MZ was determined in patients with COPD among 502 subjects referred to a pulmonary function testing laboratory in a region with low concentrations of air pollutants. Control prevalences were obtained from 930 randomly selected subjects in the same community as well as from patients without COPD. Depending on criteria used to define COPD, 155-306 subjects had COPD. Pi MZ prevalence in subjects with COPD varied from 1.5-4 times the prevalence in the community control group and in the patients without COPD. This difference approached significance or was significant. Because Pi MZ was present in only 3.5-4.5% of the patients with COPD, Pi MZ is not a major factor in the etiology of COPD in this community. The higher incidence of Pi MZ in patients with COPD may be explained by a small sample size, bias in selection of study or control population groups, or the development of COPD from interaction between Pi MZ and air pollutants or other factors not present in this community.

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