Current density‐voltage characteristics, luminance, and emission spectra of an organic electroluminescent (EL) cell were measured at temperatures between −160 and 20°C. An aromatic diamine and 8‐hydroxyquinoline aluminum were used as the hole transport and the emitting layers, respectively. The EL luminance at a constant current density of 1 mA/cm2 was found to decrease with increasing temperature, and the photoluminescence intensity of the powder was also found to show a similar temperature dependence. From these results, the EL luminance is concluded to depend on the fluorescence efficiency of the emitting molecules. Furthermore, a decreased efficiency of exciton generation with increasing temperature is expected.