IT HAS long been observed that refraction of the eye shows a certain variation with age. The refraction of an infant, as observed by Herrnheiser,1is on an average +2.32 D. of hypermetropia and is generally assumed to lie between +2.00 and +3.00 D. Various authors in different countries have presented studies of refractive errors and vision in school populations, of which the investigation made by Collins, Kempf, and Jarman2may be cited as a type. It was carried out on 1,860 school children, and all the refractions were done under homatropine cycloplegia. It is now established that atropine is a better cycloplegic than homatropine, and such studies should be carried out under atropine cycloplegia to insure complete relaxation of accommodation. Brown3has presented data on 1,203 persons between birth and 51 years of age, and the refractions were done under complete atropine cycloplegia. The material, however,