Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis: Detailed Analysis of 29 Cases and a Brief Discussion of Atypical Presentations

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Abstract
A detailed review of 29 cases (human) of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (bacterial) is presented. Focal involvement of the kidney was noted in 5 instances. An accurate preoperative diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is difficult because of its clinical and radiological similarities to various other renal lesions. Bilateral xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is extremely rare and segmental excision of the kidney, when technically feasible, may be curative.