Structural Requirements of Organic Liquid Scintillators

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Abstract
A theory is proposed to explain the relationship between the structure and the scintillation efficiency of organic liquid scintillators. The requirements for good scintillation properties in given solvent‐solute systems are found to be: (a) the existence of pairs of energy levels in the solute which are identical with those involved in the excitation of the solvent and (b) a nonrigid structure in the solute, capable of undergoing conformational changes in the excited state. It was found that the behavior of liquid scintillators satisfied these requirements. Good scintillation properties were predicted for some hitherto unknown scintillators.

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