Heating Effects in Single Crystal Barium Titanate†

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Abstract
Variation of coercive field with applied frequency has been studied. using single crystals of barium titanate. It has been found that the coercive field increases with frequency up to a certain limiting frequency. above which the coercive field begins to fall. The value of the limiting frequency depends on the dimensions of the crystal being switched and the fall in coercive field has been shown to be due to the effect of heating in the crystal. Work with pulse sequences has shown similar effects, the response time decreasing with increased sequence frequency due to heating. It has been found however that alteration of the pulse spacing in a sequence has no effect on the crystal response even after several million operations. The limiting frequency, above which heating becomes appreciable, can be used as a criterion for the maximum frequency at which crystals-can be expected to operate. Frequencies of 100 kc/s are possible with the small volume elements used in a memory matrix.