A Re-Evaluation of Myxotrichum spinosum and M. cancellatum

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Abstract
Myxotrichum cancellatum Phillips and M. spinosum Massee et Salmon represent the same fungus, which is redescribed in a new, monotypic genus as TOXOTRICHUM cancellatum. Among the other genera of Gymnoascaceae, Toxotrichum is most similar to Myxotrichum, since both genera form dark-colored ascocarps bearing elongated, septate, dark appendages. Both produce hyaline to pale yellow, fusoid to navicular or elliptical ascospores. Toxotrichum may be distinguished from Myxotrichum by several characteristics. Appendages in Toxotrichum are superficial in origin, arising from arched peridial elements at the periphery of the ascocarp, while appendages in Myxotrichum arise near the center of the ascocarp. In Toxotrichum the tuberculate peridial hyphae are unbranched and anastomosed more or less dichotomously or trichotomously to form a network with the only free ends represented by elongate appendages. In Myxotrichum the peridial hyphae are repeatedly branched, with many free ends, not forming a network. Oidiodendron is the asexual stage of Toxotrichum.

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