Progress in Psychiatry

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Abstract
Mood DisordersMood disorders include the depressive and manic states and are often intertwined with irritability, anger, emotional upheaval, and anxiety. The disorders may be associated with substance abuse, alcoholism, eating disorders, medical illness, anxiety, and personality disorders25. In the classification of mood disorders, the distinction between bipolar and unipolar disorders is one of the most important157. Patients with bipolar disorders have had at least one manic episode, and most have also had major depressive episodes. These patients appear to be distinct genetically, prognostically, epidemiologically, and therapeutically from patients who have only depressive episodes. Patients with a bipolar . . .