Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of butene isomers over a tin oxide + antimony oxide catalyst

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Abstract
Detailed studies have been made of the kinetics of the oxidation of n-butene isomers to butadiene over a tin oxide + antimony oxide catalyst. Values of energies of activation and orders of reaction are reported for the oxidation of n-butene isomers to butadiene, carbon dioxide and minor oxygenated products. The results are consistent with a reaction mechanism in which extraction of an allylic hydrogen by oxidic oxygen from an adsorbed butene molecule is rate determining. It is suggested that the reaction occurs over solid solutions of Sb2O5 in SnO2, in which Sn4+ ions play an important role. The formation of minor products is discussed.

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