Acute and Subacute Effects of Diazepam on Psychomotor Skills: Interaction with Alcohol

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Abstract
Effects of diazepam and alcohol on psychomotor skills were measured in 2 trials. In the 1st, 200 healthy students volunteered for a double-blind single-dose study. Three doses of diazepam (5, 10 and 20 mg) and alcohol (0.5, 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg) were used alone and combined to construct dose-response graphs. All doses of alcohol impaired divided attention while co-ordinative skills were impaired by the 1.2 g/kg dose. Diazepam alone did not impair reactive or co-ordinative skills whereas the combinations of diazepam and alcohol did. To further elucidate the subacute effects, a double-blind randomized study was conducted administering 2 and 10 mg of diazepam 3 .times. daily for 2 wk to 18 healthy volunteers. The psychomotor tests were performed on the 7th and 14th days of drug administration, and 0.5 g/kg of alcohol was given on either day. Diazepam 2 mg, alone or with alcohol, did not differ from placebo. Diazepam [10 mg] slightly increased reaction times but not reaction mistakes, and impaired both co-ordination and attention. Alcohol did not enhance diazepam effects. A development of tolerance to diazepam may compensate for the deleterious interaction of the agents found in acute studies.