Defense Mechanisms of Arthropods. XXI. Formic Acid and n-Nonyl Acetate in the Defensive Spray of Two Species of Helluomorphoides12

Abstract
The defensive glands of Helluomorphoides ferrugincus (LeConte) and H. latitarsis (Casey) secrete a mixture of formic acid and n-nonyl acetate. The secretion is ejected as an aimed spray. Experimental evidence indicates that the defensive effectiveness of the spray would be considerably lessened in the absence of the ester.

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