Action of Anticellular Sera on Virus Infections

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Abstract
Summary: Rabbit antiHeLa sera and antimonkey kidney culture sera completely protected the homologous cultures against the cytopathogenic effect of poliomyelitis virus (MEF1), if the sera were used at subagglutinative concentrations. At such concentrations cells multiplied normally in spite of the presence of both antiserum and virus. The protection, at least in part, resulted from an inhibiting effect on the attachment of virus to antibody-treated cells. Susceptibility to this protective action differed greatly with different strains. Examples of strains which were not susceptible include 1 strain of Newcastle disease and 4 types of Coxsackie B virus. Susceptibility equal to that of MEF1 was shown by 4 other strains of poliomyelitis virus (2 virulent, 2 avirulent). Susceptibility greater than that of MEF1 was shown by 3 types of Coxsackie A (smaller doses of antiserum were required to achieve protection). Susceptibility was variable among 13 types of the ECHO group. No protection was obtained against diphtheria toxin. If protective action occurred, the presence or absence of complement had no effect on the susceptibility of virus. When filter paper disks soaked in anticellular serum were layed on agar in Petri dishes which had been prepared according to the Dulbecco technique, viruses such as poliomyelitis and ECHO 9 strains did not form plaques in an area surrounding the disk. No such protected area was formed when Newcastle disease virus was tested.

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