Abstract
An important contribution to the study of plant communities may come from detailed analyses of the relationship between species and, on occasion, between species and ecological variables. The main principles underlying this approach to phytosociological problems are simply explained. An example of a plant community study by the analysis of relations between species and ecological variables will be presented in a forthcoming paper. Measurement, significance and analysis of interspecific relations are first considered. Then measurement significance and analysis of the relationship between species and ecological variables, followed by a discussion, a few conclusions, and an extended list of recent references.