Image Reconstruction and Noise Evaluation in Photon Time-of-Flight Assisted Positron Emission Tomography

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Abstract
In positron CT, the path difference of annhilation pair gamma rays can be measured by time-of-flight (TOF) difference of pair gamma rays. This TOF information gives us rough position information along a projection line and will reduce noise propagation in the reconstruction process. A reconstruction algorithm for TOF-positron computed tomography (PCT) based on the back-projection with 1-dimensional weight and 2-dimensional filtering is presented. Also a formula to evaluate the variance of the reconstructed image and the optimal back-projection function are presented. The advantage of TOF-PCT over conventional PCT was investigated in view of noise figure. An example of such noise figure evaluations for CsF and liquid Xenon scintillators is given.