Macronutrients in tree stems and foliage: a comparative study of six temperate forest species planted at the same sites

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Abstract
Common European tree species ( oak, ash, beech, birch, lime and spruce) planted in adjacent stands on six sites were compared in terms of macronutrient concentrations in foliar and stem wood ( including bark) biomass. The nutrient concentrations in both biomass compartments were much more dependent on species than on site although soil conditions differed between the sites. Differences between species regarding stem wood nutrient concentrations only partly corresponded to the differences in species foliage. The concentrations in spruce were considerably lower than in deciduous species, except P in foliage, and Ca in both stem wood and foliar biomass. Differences were also observed between the deciduous species both regarding foliar and stem wood nutrient concentrations. The differences should be considered when modelling nutrient circulation in forest stands and when evaluating the long-term sustainability of forest management.