Experience with 17 Cases of Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: Use of Ultrasonic Aspirator and Argon Beam Coagulator

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Abstract
Between January 17, 1992 and July 31, 1993, 11 patients with primary aldosteronism, 3 with Cushing's syndrome and 3 with a nonfunctioning adrenal tumor underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy at our university hospital. In every patient adrenal tumor was removed successfully with adjacent normal adrenal tissue. The initial 10 operations were performed without use of an ultrasonic aspirator or argon beam coagulator, and the subsequent 7 procedures were done with those items. There was no difference between the groups in intraoperative blood loss or operative time. However, the tumors in the former group were significantly smaller than those of the latter group (mean 6.70 gm. versus 13.43 gm., respectively, p < 0.05, t test). For right tumors the argon beam coagulator was useful to resect or coagulate the liver, since adrenal tumors were sometimes tightly attached to the liver and upward retraction sometimes caused liver laceration. In obese patients or those with Cushing's syndrome the ultrasonic aspirator was useful to remove retroperitoneal fat surrounding the adrenal tumor without injury to the small vessels. The mean hospital stay for these 17 patients (11.63 days) was significantly shorter than that of 16 patients with corresponding adrenal tumors undergoing open removal during the last 5 years (17.32 days, p < 0.05 t test). In conclusion, laparoscopic adrenalectomy is feasible for the surgical treatment of primary aldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome and nonfunctioning adrenal tumors. The ultrasonic aspirator and argon beam coagulator may be useful for laparoscopic adrenalectomy.