Trichomoniasis (T. Columbae) in the Java Sparrow, Tovi Parrakeet and Verraux's Dove

Abstract
Summary Natural infections in Java sparrows, Munia oryzivora, and artificial infection in the Tovi (Beebee) parrakeet, Brotogeris jugularis (Müller), and Verraux's (white belly) dove, Leptotila (verrauxi) verrauxi (Bonaparte) by a trichomonas believed to be T. columbae are described and the pathogenisis of the lesions is discussed and compared with those due to Histomonas meleagris in the liver of the turkey. Three species of birds are added to those previously reported infectible with this parasite. In the material studied the trichomonas appear to spread along natural channels and in columnar epithelium, produce lesions which become secondarily infected by bacteria. These are either carried by the trichomonas or reach the lesions as the result of exposure of the traumatized tissues to the flora of the mouth and pharynx. No evidence was found to indicate that the species studied invaded tissues nor that it primarily injured stratified squamous epithelium.

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