Surface Characterization of Plasma Treated Carbon Fibers and Adhesion to a Thermoplastic Polymer

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Abstract
The surface chemistry of IM7 carbon fibers was characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The fiber surface energetics were determined from a two-liquid tensiometric method. The adhesion between as-received and plasma-treated carbon fibers and polyethersulfone (PES) was measured by the microbond pull-out test. The surface characterization techniques showed that the effect of any plasma treatment is attained within less than 15 seconds. It was found that both argon and air plasmas increased the oxidation state of the fiber surface and that they reduced the dispersive component (γs d) of the fiber surface free energy considerably. The ammonia plasma treatment resulted in a cleaning of the surface. This plasma treatment was also effective in improving the fiber/matrix adhesion of quenched samples. A similar adhesion enhancement between as-received fibers and PES is obtained by annealing the samples above the Tg of the polymer. The air plasma treatment did not have any significant effect on the fiber/matrix adhesion.