Abstract
IN 1959, in Japan, Ochiai and Akiba and their collaborators first discovered that resistance to several antimicrobial agents could be transferred among enteric bacteria in vitro. This phenomenon, which has become known as infectious drug resistance, is one of special interest to the microbial geneticist, but it is also of great potential importance in clinical medicine. This paper emphasizes the medical aspects of this subject and discusses some of the genetic data that are relevant to its medical importance.A multiple-drug-resistant shigella was first isolated in Japan by Kitamoto et al. (1956) from a patient with dysentery who had just . . .

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