The Mechanisms of Trace Element Removal During Coal Cleaning

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Abstract
Most of the trace elements in coal considered hazardous air pollutant precursors are entirely or primarily associated with mineral matter; therefore, they are potentially removable using physical coal cleaning processes. For the most part, when a coal is cleaned to reduce its ash and sulfur content, the concentration of trace elements in the coal is also reduced. Additional reduction in trace element concentration can be attained, however, through understanding the mechanisms of trace element removal during coal cleaning. The factors that affect trace element reduction are the degree of liberation of trace element-bearing mineral matter, the relative intensity of cleaning, the mode of occurrence of the trace element, and the method of cleaning.

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