The Perception of Scale Change in Small-Scale Map Series

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Abstract
Variations in symbol size, density, and attribute variability (number of classes of city symbols and degree of sinuosity in linework in this case) were examined for their effectiveness in suggesting changes in relative scale between maps. Symbol size and density were both found to produce strong effects, with perceived relative scale varying directly with symbol size and inversely with symbol density. Varying the level of symbol attribute variability did not, on its own, produce significant changes in perceived relative scale. However, when symbol size and density cues were in conflict, differences in the level of attribute variability apparently suggested that there was some difference in scale, even though the ability of this variable to suggest the extent and direction of that change was weak.

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