Measurements of the energy distribution of backscattered kilovolt electrons with a spherical retarding-field energy analyser

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Abstract
A spherical retarding-field electron energy analyser has been constructed to investigate the backscattering and transmission of electrons in the energy range 10-30 keV. It consists of full-spherical meshes with collector, and attains a resolution of about 2%. By using this apparatus, the energy distribution of electrons backscattered from C, A1, Cu, Au and Cu-Au alloy specimens is obtained. Results are compared with those obtained from Monte Carlo calculations.