Die Wirkung von Phytochrom und Actinomycin D auf die Chlorophyll a-Synthese von Senfkeimlingen (Sinapis alba L.)
- 1 January 1966
- journal article
- abstracts
- Published by Springer Nature in Planta
- Vol. 72 (2) , 187-197
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00387482
Abstract
In the mustard seedling chlorophyll a synthesis under white light is enhanced by a pretreatment with far-red which maintains a low but virtually stationary concentration of active phytochrome (=P730) (Fig. 1) during the period of irradiation (4 hours). — On the other hand chlorophyll a synthesis is inhibited or delayed by relatively low concentrations of Actinomycin D(=Act) (Fig. 2) The inhibitory action of Act (on a percent basis) is exactly the same with and without a far-red pre-irradiation (Fig. 3). Act in relatively low doses (5 or 10 μg/ml) greatly extends the lag-phase of chlorophyll synthesis; however, these doses do not influence the effect of the far-red pretreatment on the rate of chlorophyll synthesis when it finally takes place (Fig.4,5,6). The data presented in this paper indicate that Act does not inhibit protochlorophyll synthesis as such; we have rather to conclude that Act inhibits the de novo synthesis of some specific structural proteins which are prerequisites of chlorophyll accumulation and maintenance in the plastids (Table 1). Synthesis of these structural proteins seems to be under the control of phytochrome too. It is concluded that those genes which are already in function are relatively resistant to Act (e. g. those genes which are needed for protochlorophyll synthesis) whereas potentially active genes (e. g. those which code some specific structural proteins of the plastids) are very sensitive to Act. —A similar conclusion has been reached in an earlier paper in connection with phytochrome-induced antocyanin synthesis (Lange and Mohr, 1965). Our argumentation is further supported by Schopfer's data on control of ascorbate synthesis in the mustard seedling by phytochrome and Act (Schopfer, 1966). Eine Vorbestrahlung der etiolierten Senfkeimlinge mit 4 Std Dunkelrot bewirkt eine Steigerung der Chlorophyll a-Synthese im Weißlicht. — Andererseits wird die Chlorophyll a-Synthese bereits durch relativ niedrige Actinomycin D-Konzentrationen gehemmt oder verzögert. — Die hemmende Wirkung von Actinomycin D ist — ausgedrückt in Prozent Hemmung — mit und ohne Vorbelichtung genau dieselbe. Auch die übrigen Daten deuten darauf hin, daß Actinomycin D nicht auf die Protochlorophyllsynthese als solche wirkt, sondern vielmehr die Synthese bestimmter Strukturproteine in den Plastiden beeinträchtigt. —Die Daten der Arbeit werden genphysiologisch gedeutet. Der wesentliche Punkt dabei ist, daß “aktive” Gene (z.B. jene, welche die Enzyme der bekanntlich auch im Dunkeln ablaufenden Protochlorophyllsynthese codieren) relativ unempfindlich gegenüber Actinomycin D sind; “potentiell aktive” Gene hingegen (z.B. jene, die einige nur im Licht entstehende spezifische Strukturproteine der Plastiden codieren) scheinen sehr viel empfindlicher gegenüber Actinomycin D zu sein. Diese Schlüsse stehen im Einklang mit einer früher geäußerten Hypothese (Lange und Mohr, 1965) und mit den Daten von Schopfer (1966) über die Regulation der Ascorbatsynthese im Senfkeimling durch Phytochrom und Actinomycin D.Keywords
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