Femtosecond thermal modulation measurements of electron-phonon relaxation in niobium

Abstract
Thermal modulation measurements using 120 fs/620 nm laser pulses were performed on niobium films. The electron-phonon relaxation time was found to be ultrafast and measured to be 360 fs, and the electron-phonon coupling constant was estimated to be (17±3)×1017 W m−3 K−1.