On Tightly Coupling Models with Visualizations: The Package for Analysis and Visualization of Environmental Data

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Abstract
Environmental modeling activities can tremendously benefit from geographic information system (GIS) technology. Through integration of environmental models with GIS functionalities, modelers can address complex environmental issues and analyze results in an efficient and effective manner. Integrating environmental models with GIS functionalities is conceivable through either a loosely or tightly coupled approach. With current GIS technology, tight coupling, though highly desired, is impeded, leaving modelers with no option but to take a loosely coupled approach. We suggest that until such time that GIS technology allows tight coupling, the option is used of tightly coupling environmental models with specific GIS capabilities such as cartographic and visualization functionalities. We describe in this paper the need to advance tools to tightly couple models with visualization functionalities, and give an example of such tools as the Package for Analysis and Visualization of Environmental data (PAVE), which is a flexible and distributed environment to analyze and visualize multivariate gridded environmental data sets.

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