Effects of Diet on Cholecystokinin-Stimulated Amylase Secretion by Pancreatic Acini and Amylase mRNA Levels in Rat Pancreas

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Abstract
To investigate the mechanisms by which dietary compositions regulate the exocrine pancreas, we examined the effects of no-fat diet (NFD) and high-fat diet (HFD) on cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated amylase secretion from rat pancreatic acini. Rats were maintained for 4 weeks on NFD or HFD, which contained 0 or 45% fat and 58 or 29% carbohydrates, respectively. Pancreatic acini were isolated and stimulated by graded doses of CCK for 30 min. Maximal CCK-stimulated amylase secretion by pancreatic acini from rats on NFD (23.1 +/- 4.3 U/mg protein at 10(-10) M) was significantly higher than that of HFD (5.5 +/- 1.6 U/mg protein at 10(-10) M). In contrast, expressed as a percentage of the initial content, maximal CCK-stimulated amylase secretion by pancreatic acini from rats on NFD (15.0 +/- 0.8%) tended to be lower than that from rats on HFD (28.1 +/- 3.5%). To study further the effects of the diets on amylase mRNA levels, another group of rats was maintained on the respective diets for 4 weeks, sacrificed, and total pancreatic RNA isolated. Amylase mRNA levels in rats on NFD were 2.5 times higher than in rats on HFD. The results suggest that alterations in CCK-stimulated amylase secretion by pancreatic acini, as well as modifications in pancreatic amylase expression, may be involved in the mechanisms by which the exocrine pancreas adapts to diet.

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