Features in the optical transforms of serrated apertures and disks

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Abstract
Studies of light diffracted by a serrated, circular aperture or disk are presented. Expressions for the scalar field distribution in the Fourier-transform plane of a canonical optical system and for the second-order central moment of the field are derived. Correlation features of the optical transform are related to aperture features using this second-order moment. Serrated apertures with controlled spatial correlation are designed using computer methods. Coherent optical experiments serve to demonstrate the relationships among three aperture serration features, roughness, correlation angle, and correlation function, with corresponding features in the optical transform. Excellent agreement with theory is obtained.

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