Post-traumatic stress disorder as a disorder of arousal

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Abstract
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may represent one of the most under-rated and underdiagnosed of the major psychiatric clinical syndromes. While its phenomenology is clearly a manifestation of an exquisite interaction of biological and social factors. the biology of &TSD has attracted considerable attention within recent years. This paper integrates extant neurological formulations with recent theoretical speculations to offer a theoretical reformulation of the biological bases of PTSD. PTSD is herein reformulated and viewed within the context of the “disorders of arousal” pathophenomenological genre.