Abstract
Two patients had community-acquired A. calcoaceticus var. anitratus pneumonia. Both were alcoholics and 1 was cirrhotic. One patient died and the other received 2 wk of gentamicin therapy and survived. Misinterpretation of the sputum Gram stain delayed diagnosis and institution of proper therapy in both cases. In addition to organisms sensitive to penicillins such as Neisseria or Haemophilus, Acinetobacter must be considered in the differential diagnosis of community-acquired gram-negative coccobacillary pneumonia.

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